Cardiovascular disease is a common condition and cause of death in CKD patients. In the general population, high cholesterol levels increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and death, but this association isn't so clear in CKD patients, according to background information in an American Society of Nephrology news release about the study.
Previous research has shown that CKD patients with high cholesterol levels are less likely to die than those with lower cholesterol levels. This may be because high cholesterol levels in these patients can indicate lower levels of malnutrition and inflammation, two related complications of kidney disease.
Among patients with malnutrition and/or inflammation, high cholesterol levels were not associated with cardiovascular disease events. But among patients without malnutrition and/or inflammation, the risk of a new cardiovascular disease event increased as cholesterol levels rose, the investigators found. The risk was 2.18 times greater for those with cholesterol levels of 240 mg/dL or higher and 1.19 times greater for those with cholesterol levels between 200 and 239 mg/dL, compared to those with cholesterol levels less than 200 mg/dL.